Exam 1: Physical vs Logical
Which address is hardcoded into the network interface controller (NIC) by the manufacturer?
IP Address
Logical address — can change.
MAC Address
Physical address — never changes.
Exam 2: The IPv4 Validity Trap
Why is the address 192.168.256.1 invalid? [1 Mark]
⚠️ The Trap
"It has too many numbers or it's formatted wrong."
✅ The Mark Scheme
Each octet in an IPv4 address must be between 0 and 255. 256 is out of range.
Exam 3: Audit Lab
Match the device to the address it uses.
| Router | Uses IP Addresses to route across networks. |
| Switch | Uses MAC Addresses to direct frames in a LAN. |
| DNS | Maps URLs to IP Addresses. |
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