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1 [5 Marks Total]
(a) Identify the correct utility software. Tick one box per row. [4]
Scenario
Encryption
Defrag
Compress
Emailing large folder of photos
Preventing thieves reading diary
Computer loading files slowly
Archiving old invoices

(b) General purpose of utility software. [1]
✅ Mark Scheme

(a)

  • Email Photos: Compression
  • Prevent Theft: Encryption
  • Slow Loading: Defragmentation
  • Archiving: Compression

(b) Housekeeping / Maintenance tasks (1).

Score yourself (Max 5):
2 [5 Marks Total]
Compression.
(a) Two benefits of compressing file for email. [2] (b) Why must Lossless be used for a text document? [2] (c) Lossy Compression for Images:
i. How it reduces size (algorithm). [2]
ii. One negative effect. [1]
✅ Mark Scheme

(a) Faster transmission (1). Uses less bandwidth (1). Meets attachment size limits (1).

(b) Lossless keeps all data (1). Lossy would delete text characters making it unreadable (1).

(c) i. Removes unnecessary/redundant data (1). Reduces number of colours/pixels (1).

(c) ii. Lower quality / Pixelated.

Score yourself (Max 7):
3 [5 Marks Total]
Encryption.
(a) Describe how encryption protects data. [3] (b) "Encryption prevents theft." Correct this statement. [2]
✅ Mark Scheme

(a) Scrambles data using an algorithm (1). Makes it unreadable (1). Requires a key to decrypt (1).

(b) It does not stop theft/deletion (1). It ensures stolen data cannot be understood (1).

Score yourself (Max 5):
4 [8 Marks Total]
Defragmentation.
(a) How does a disk become fragmented? [2] (b) Describe the defragmentation process. [3] (c) Why does this improve speed? [2] (d) Why not defragment an SSD? [1]
✅ Mark Scheme

(a) Files are deleted creating gaps (1). New files are split to fill gaps (1).

(b) Moves file segments (1). Stores them contiguously/together (1). Groups free space (1).

(c) Read/Write head moves less distance (1). Faster access to data (1).

(d) No moving parts (speed not improved) OR wears out the drive.

Score yourself (Max 8):
5 [8 Marks Total]
Gap Fill: Utility Software. Click words to fill gaps.
Algorithm Key Space Contiguous Separate Read/Write Head Lock Original Permanent Scrambled Bandwidth Lossy
Encryption uses an (1). You need a (2) to decrypt.
Lossless compression restores the (3) data. Lossy data removal is (4).
Fragmented files are in (5) locations. Defrag moves them to (6) blocks.
This reduces movement of the (7). It does not create more (8).
✅ Mark Scheme
  1. Algorithm
  2. Key
  3. Original
  4. Permanent
  5. Separate
  6. Contiguous
  7. Read/Write Head
  8. Space
Score yourself (Max 8):