(a) Which of the following best describes the purpose of encryption? Tick (✓) one box.

Statement	Tick (✓)
To prevent hackers from intercepting data packets sent over a network.
To scramble data so that it cannot be understood if it is intercepted.
To compress data so that it transmits faster over the network.
To permanently delete data so it cannot be recovered.

(b) State the technical name given to data before it has been encrypted.
(c) State the technical name given to data after it has been encrypted.

Scenario:
A student is logging into their bank account using a coffee shop's public Wi-Fi. The bank website uses HTTPS.

(a) State how the student can check their web browser to verify that the connection is encrypted.
(b) Explain why it is important for the bank to use encryption for this connection.
(c) A hacker in the coffee shop manages to use "packet sniffing" software to steal the data packets sent between the student's laptop and the Wireless Access Point.
Explain whether the hacker can use this stolen data to access the student's bank account.

Encryption uses a "Key" to secure data.

(a) Describe the role of the Key in the encryption process.
(b) Modern encryption standards (like those used in Wi-Fi) use keys that are 128-bit or 256-bit long.
Explain why a longer key makes the encryption more secure.

A company sends confidential legal documents via email.

(a) The company manager believes that "Encryption stops data from being stolen."
Explain why this statement is incorrect.
(b) Describe the steps involved in sending an encrypted message from Computer A to Computer B.
Use the terms: Plaintext, Algorithm, Ciphertext, and Key.