GCSE (9-1) Computer Science
Mark Scheme
J277/01: Embedded Systems
Question Answer Marks Guidance
1
  • A computer system that is built into another/larger device. (1)
  • It has a dedicated purpose / limited function. (1)
 2
1 mark for "built into".
1 mark for "dedicated/specific purpose".
2 Any two from:
  • Dishwasher
  • MP3 player
  • Washing machine
  • Mobile phone
  • Manufacturing equipment
  • Microwave
 2
Do not accept: Laptop, PC, Server, Tablet (these are general purpose).
3
  1. functions
  2. larger
  3. washing machine
  4. change
 4
1 mark per correct gap.
4
  • It has a specific purpose (controlling speed/distance).
  • It is built within a larger device (the car).
  • It has a dedicated microprocessor / hardware.
  • The software/firmware is hard to update/change.
 3
Max 3 marks.
Examiner's Note: Candidates often miss the point about "dedicated hardware" or "hard to update software".
5 Choice: Incorrect / Ali is wrong. (1)

Justification (Max 2):
  • A tablet is a general-purpose computer.
  • A tablet has multiple functions (can run many different apps), whereas embedded systems have limited functions.
  • You can easily update/install new software on a tablet.
 3
1 mark for Choice.
2 marks for Justification.
Must relate to the scenario.
6 Indicative Content:
  • Function: General-purpose computers perform many tasks (word processing, browsing), whereas embedded systems perform one specific task (controlling heating).
  • Memory: Embedded systems often have less RAM/ROM than general-purpose computers.
  • Software: Embedded systems run firmware which is rarely updated; general-purpose computers run OS that is frequently updated.
  • Hardware: Embedded systems are often single-chip / smaller / consume less power.

Marking Levels:
Level 3 (5-6 marks): Detailed comparison covering both function and constraints with accurate terminology.
Level 2 (3-4 marks): Comparisons made but may lack technical detail (e.g. just saying "computers are faster").
Level 1 (1-2 marks): Basic statements (e.g., "Embedded systems are smaller"). 		6
Use "Level of Response" marking.
OCR 2026